Cefaclor: 5 Uses, Dosage, Side Effects Guide
Comprehensive guide to cefaclor (Distaclor): uses, dosage, side effects, and key precautions for treating bacterial infections effectively.
Cefaclor, commonly known by the brand name
Distaclor
, is a second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections. It works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, effectively killing susceptible bacteria.| Type of medicine | A cephalosporin antibiotic |
|---|---|
| Used for | Bacterial infections including respiratory, urinary tract, skin, ear, and throat infections |
| Also called | Distaclor® |
| Available as | Capsules, modified-release tablets, and oral liquid medicine |
About cefaclor
**Cefaclor** belongs to the cephalosporin class of antibiotics, which are derived from cephalosporin C produced by the fungus Acremonium. As a semisynthetic, broad-spectrum antibiotic, it targets a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. It is particularly effective against pathogens causing infections in the respiratory tract, urinary system, skin, ears, and sinuses.
Cefaclor is well-absorbed orally, independent of food intake, making it convenient for outpatient treatment. It is approved for use in adults and children and can be prescribed during pregnancy when benefits outweigh risks. However, individuals with a history of penicillin allergy should inform their doctor, as cross-reactivity can occur in some cases.
The mechanism of action involves binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) in the bacterial cell wall, inhibiting the final stage of peptidoglycan synthesis. This leads to cell lysis via autolytic enzymes, effectively eradicating the infection.
What is cefaclor used for?
Cefaclor is indicated for treating bacterial infections susceptible to its action. Common uses include:
- Respiratory tract infections: Bronchitis, pneumonia (lung tissue infection), throat infections (tonsillitis, pharyngitis).
- Urinary tract infections: Cystitis (bladder infection) and kidney infections.
- Skin and soft tissue infections: Caused by staphylococci or streptococci.
- Ear infections: Otitis media.
- Sinusitis: Inflammation of the sinuses due to bacteria.
It is active against gram-positive aerobes like Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, and various staphylococci (including penicillinase-producing strains), as well as some gram-negative bacteria.
Note: Cefaclor does not treat viral infections like colds or flu. Misuse can lead to antibiotic resistance.
Before taking cefaclor
Discuss your medical history with your doctor before starting cefaclor. Key precautions include:
- Allergies to cephalosporins, penicillins, or other beta-lactam antibiotics.
- History of severe allergic reactions, such as anaphylaxis.
- Kidney or liver problems, which may require dose adjustments.
- Pregnancy or breastfeeding: Generally considered safe, but consult your doctor.
- Phenylketonuria if using certain oral suspensions containing aspartame.
Inform your doctor of all medications, as cefaclor may interact with probenecid (reduces excretion) or blood thinners like warfarin.
How to take cefaclor
Follow your doctor’s instructions precisely. Cefaclor is available as immediate-release capsules/liquid or modified-release tablets (e.g., Distaclor MR®).
Dosage
Adults: 250-500 mg three times daily for capsules or liquid.
Children: 20-40 mg/kg/day divided into three doses (e.g., 62.5-250 mg three times daily based on age and weight).
Modified-release tablets: 375-500 mg twice daily, swallowed whole with meals. Do not chew or crush.
Space doses evenly (every 8 hours). Complete the full course, typically 7-10 days, even if symptoms improve, to prevent relapse or resistance.
Administration Tips
- Take with or without food; modified-release with meals to reduce stomach upset.
- Shake oral suspension well before use.
- If a dose is missed, take it as soon as remembered unless near the next dose.
Getting the most from your treatment
To maximize efficacy:
- Complete the entire course.
- Avoid alcohol, as it may exacerbate side effects like nausea or dizziness and delay recovery.
- Stay hydrated and rest to support immune response.
- Do not share antibiotics or use leftovers for future infections.
If symptoms persist after 48-72 hours, contact your doctor; the bacteria may be resistant.
Side effects
Most side effects are mild and resolve after treatment. Common ones include:
| Common Side Effects | Frequency | Action |
|---|---|---|
| Diarrhea | Most common | Usually mild; contact doctor if severe or >24 hours |
| Nausea, vomiting, stomach upset | Common | Take with food |
| Rash (esp. in children) | Common | Monitor; seek advice if worsens |
Serious side effects (rare):
- Allergic reactions: Itchy rash, hives, swelling (face/mouth), breathing difficulty. Stop immediately and seek emergency care.
- Severe skin reactions: Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) or Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) – rash, blistering, peeling skin.
- Clostridium difficile diarrhea: Watery/bloody stools, cramps, fever (during or up to 2 months post-treatment).
- Joint pain, dizziness, headache, or superinfections (e.g., thrush).
Report any unusual symptoms to your doctor or pharmacist.
Pregnancy and breastfeeding
Cefaclor is category B in pregnancy (no evidence of risk in animal studies; limited human data). It passes into breast milk in low amounts but is generally compatible with breastfeeding. Consult your healthcare provider.
Other information
- **Storage:** Keep at room temperature, away from moisture and light. Refrigerate suspension after mixing; discard after 14 days.
- **Overdose:** Seek immediate medical help; symptoms include nausea, vomiting, seizures.
- **Driving:** May cause dizziness; avoid if affected.
Frequently Asked Questions
How long does cefaclor take to work?
Cefaclor typically starts working within 48-72 hours, with noticeable symptom improvement. Full resolution may take the entire course.
Can you drink alcohol with cefaclor?
No direct interaction, but alcohol can worsen side effects like nausea, dizziness, or diarrhea and slow recovery. Avoid until treatment ends.
Is cefaclor safe for children?
Yes, dosed by weight (20-40 mg/kg/day). Common in pediatric ear and throat infections.
What if I miss a dose?
Take as soon as possible unless near next dose. Do not double up.
Does cefaclor treat viral infections?
No, only bacterial. Overuse promotes resistance.
References
- Distaclor 500mg Hard Capsules Cefaclor – Summary of Product Characteristics — Health Products Regulatory Authority (HPRA). 2023. https://assets.hpra.ie/products/Human/25517/2c44f692-1fe0-45d1-ac3b-957060ef8844.pdf
- Cefaclor for Infection (Distaclor) — Patient.info. Accessed 2026. https://patient.info/medicine/cefaclor-for-infection-distaclor
- Cefaclor: Uses, Interactions, Mechanism of Action — DrugBank Online. Updated 2025. https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB00833
- Cefaclor Oral: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions — WebMD. Updated 2025. https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-471-385/cefaclor-oral/cefaclor-oral/details
- Cefaclor — MedlinePlus, U.S. National Library of Medicine. Updated 2024-10-01. https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a682729.html
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